Succulent

Black Rose Aeonium

Aeonium arboreum 'Zwartkop' · Crassulaceae

Also called: Black Rose, Black Tree Aeonium, Zwartkop, Schwarzkopf, Black Beauty

Black Rose Aeonium (Aeonium arboreum 'Zwartkop') is a low-water succulent well suited to Tucson and the low desert. It grows to 1-3 ft tall and wide, branching, with a moderate growth rate. Expect bright yellow blooms Conical clusters of small star flowers in late winter to spring on mature roset…

Black Rose Aeonium (Aeonium arboreum 'Zwartkop') growing in Tucson
Photo: Hedwig Storch (CC BY-SA 3.0) · Wikimedia Commons

Black Rose Aeonium at a glance

Water use
Low (established)
Sun
Needs good sun to keep the deep near-black color, but it is a winter-grower that struggles in extreme heat-in Tucson give bright morning sun with afternoon shade, especially in summer when full sun scorches it. Too much shade turns the rosettes green.
Mature size
1-3 ft tall and wide, branching
Growth rate
Moderate
Bloom
Bright yellow, Conical clusters of small star flowers in late winter to spring on mature rosettes (the flowering rosette then dies).
Cold hardiness
Frost-tender; damaged below about 30-32 F. In Tucson protect from hard frost and from intense summer heat-treat as a movable container plant, sheltering it in both temperature extremes.
Soil
Fast-draining cactus/succulent or amended sandy mix; container culture recommended so it can be moved with the seasons.
Native range
Cultivar of Aeonium arboreum, native to Morocco / Canary Islands region
Best used as
Dramatic dark-foliage container specimen, Patio and entry accent, Color contrast in mixed succulent pots, Seasonal cool-season focal plant
Wildlife
Spring flowers attract bees; mainly an ornamental accent plant.
Toxicity
Generally regarded as non-toxic / low toxicity to pets and people, though ingestion may cause mild stomach upset; among the safer succulents to grow.

How to grow Black Rose Aeonium in Tucson & the low desert

Watering

Unlike most succulents it grows in the cool season and goes semi-dormant in hot, dry summer; water more in fall through spring and ease off in mid-summer (but don't let it shrivel). Keep soil well-drained and never waterlogged.

Fertilizer & nutrients

Light feeder; apply a dilute balanced fertilizer during the cool-season growth period (fall-spring) and withhold during summer dormancy.

Pruning & care

Cut leggy stems to encourage branching; beheaded rosettes re-root readily and the cut stem usually re-sprouts. Each rosette is monocarpic-it dies after its tall yellow flower spike, but side branches carry on.

Notes

Opposite growth cycle from most desert succulents-active and lush in Tucson's cool months and resting in summer heat, so do not overwater a summer-dormant plant. Best grown in pots with morning sun/afternoon shade and protected from both frost and the harshest summer sun to preserve its signature black rosettes.

Sources: University of Arizona Cooperative Extension / Pima County Master Gardeners; Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum references; World of Succulents (worldofsucculents.com)

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